Surface generation on titanium alloy through powder-mixed electric discharge machining with the focus on bioimplant applications

Abstract The inflammation around poorly osseointegrated bioimplant is one of the root causes its failure. Therefore, biomedical industry constantly strives for new ways to develop bioactive surfaces in permanent implants enhance service life. In this regard, implant surface modification at micro/nanoscales carried out enrich substrate with higher engineering attributes and biocompatibility. Considering complexities post-processing implants, study evaluates potentiality an integrated process machining modification, namely, powder-mixed electric discharge (PMEDM). Ti6Al4V ELI material, as substrate, machined under two distinct (Si, SiC) mixed additive conditions using a full factorial design experiments. quality, morphology, recast layer depth, chemistry, work hardening have been holistically investigated. bioactivity analysis shows more porosity case Si powder particles (200 400 nm) compared SiC (100 250 nm). Furthermore, optimized parameters minimum roughness depth considering 5 g/L concentration, 5A pulse current, 50 µs on time Si, 100 SiC. A comprehensive review features based physical science established, nanoscale topography influencing protein absorption analyzed.